What is Cervical Cancer?

What is cervical cancer?

Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer in women globally and an estimated 604,000 new cases were reported in 2020. Out of the 342,000 deaths from cervical cancer in 2020, at least 90% of these occur in middle and low-income countries. In the UAE, approximately 4,500 new cases of cancer are reported annually.

Cervical cancer starts in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the uterus. The most common type of cervical cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, and almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by an infection from the human papillomavirus (HPV). Cervical cancer develops gradually, and in some cases, the virus survives for several years, contributing to the growth of cancer cells.

Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer

The signs and symptoms of cervical cancer include:

1. Abnormal vaginal bleeding: This can include heavy periods, post-menopausal bleeding, bleeding between periods, or bleeding during or after intercourse.

2. Painful urination: Discomfort or dull ache in the pelvis and hints of blood in the urine may indicate cervical cancer.

3. Abnormal discharge: Unusual color and bad odor in vaginal discharge may be a sign of cervical cancer.

4. Abnormal cycles: Persistent irregular menstrual cycles accompanied by unexplained vaginal bleeding may be a red flag.

5. Back pain: Back pain, especially when accompanied by other symptoms, can be a sign of cervical cancer.

6. Anemia: Cervical cancer can cause abnormal cell growth and bleeding, leading to iron deficiency and anemia. Symptoms include weakness, exhaustion, increased heart rate, dizziness, and pale lips, skin, and nails.

Treatment options for cervical cancer

Treatment options for cervical cancer include:

• Surgery: Surgical procedures may be done to remove the cancerous cells or the entire uterus.

• Radiation therapy: High-energy beams are used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.

• Chemotherapy: Medications are used to kill cancer cells throughout the body.

• Immunotherapy: This treatment boosts the body's immune system to fight against cancer cells.

Early detection and seeking professional help

Knowing the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer is important for early detection and treatment. If you notice any of these symptoms or abnormalities, it is recommended to seek professional help from the best radiologists. They can perform diagnostic tests such as pap smears, HPV tests, and imaging scans to determine if there is a presence of cervical cancer. Early detection plays a crucial role in improving outcomes and increasing the chances of successful treatment.